![]() ![]() After suffering from depression for most of her life and enduring many nervous breakdowns, Woolf had had enough. Overwhelmed with the hatred of war, she and her husband, who was Jewish, had signed a suicide pact that would ensure they not be taken prisoner if Hitler invaded England. Woolf eventually took her life in the middle of World War II. While Woolfs novels were masterpieces of subtlety, manner, and insight, her nonfiction, such as Three Guineas and A Room of One’s Own, powerfully advocate for women’s rights and critique structures of patriarchy. Dalloway(1925), To the Lighthouse(1927), Orlando(1928), and, perhaps the most challenging of Woolf’s novels, The Waves(1931). Later more experimental prose works include Jacob’s Room(1922), Mrs. It and her next novel, Night and Day(1919), were long novels with more conventional plot patterns. Woolf’s major literary production began with her novel A Voyage Out(1915). Eliot, and Katherine Mansfield and enable Virginia Woolf to publish any of her own work without any interference. From modest beginnings in 1917, Hogarth Press would eventually publish works by Sigmund Freud, T. While they continued to write, the Woolfs also started their own publishing company. In 1912, Virginia Stephens married Leonard Woolf who had been a friend of older brother Thoby and had participated in the Bloomsbury conversations. In this time of loneliness and depression, Woolf’struggled to write. The same year, Woolf’s sister agreed to marry Clive Bell. Woolf’s older brother Thoby died of typhoid in 1906 after returning from a vacation in Greece. During this time, Woolf taught at Morley College and wrote literary reviews. The Bloomsbury group was a collection of young people in London who met to discuss art, politics, and literature. After Sir Leslie Stephen’s death, she and her older brother Thoby lived in London and started the Bloomsbury Group discussions. Her father was increasingly morose and detached after the death of his wife and died himself in 1904 when Virginia was twenty-two. Julia died when Woolf was thirteen, precipitating Woolf’s first major breakdown. In her fiction, Woolf often concentrates on the pain, sacrifice, and beauty of mothers, probing the quiet agony of a solitude seemly ironic in a world of children, society, and fast-paced innovation. Woolf remembered her mother working nonstop to raise her three children, the stepchildren from Stephen’s previous marriage, and her four children with Leslie. The Stephens family was financially well situated and employed servants who helped keep the family running in their London home. Woolf’s family was large and she later lamented growing up with a lack of privacy and of time to spend with her mother. Woolf’s parents had each been married before her mother Julia brought three children with her and Leslie two children to their marriage. Growing up, Woolf met many famous writers including George Meredith and Henry James. Sir Leslie Stephens was a very influential writer and critic who sternly and methodically published volume after volume of the Dictionary of Literary Biography, of which he was the first editor. She was born on January 25, 1882, to Julie and Leslie Stephens in London, England. Virginia Woolf is one of the most admired authors of the twentieth century. In the past decades it has been anthologized many times, representing a slice of Woolf’s artistic mastery and reflection of her keen insight into what it means to be human. The story was also reprinted in Woolf’s Monday or Tuesday(1921) and in A Haunted House and Other Short Stories(1944), edited by Leonard Woolf. When the third edition was printed in 1927, Bell’s illustrations appeared on each page throughout the text. For the first edition, Woolf’s sister Vanessa Bell fashioned two woodcut illustrations to accompany the text. The story was published on May 12, 1919, by Hogarth Press, a publishing enterprise cofounded by Woolf and her husband Leonard in 1917. ![]()
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